Ukuthola Okusimeme: I-Jumbo Roll Enobungani Nemvelo Yezixazululo Zokupakisha Eziluhlaza

Ukuthola Okusimeme: I-Jumbo Roll Enobungani Nemvelo Yezixazululo Zokupakisha Eziluhlaza

I-Mother Jumbo Roll isebenza njengomgogodla wezixazululo eziningi zokupakisha. Iwumqulu omkhulu we-umqulu omkhulu wezinto zokusetshenziswa, eyenzelwe ukuguqulwa ibe yimikhiqizo emincane, eqediwe. Lokhu kusetshenziswa okuguquguqukayo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekutholeni izinto ngendlela eqhubekayo ngokunikeza isisekelo sokupakisha okuhambisana nemvelo.

Kungani imikhuba enobungani nemvelo ibalulekile ekupakisheni? Abathengi bakhulumile. Emhlabeni jikelele, ama-60% abo ayazisa ukusimama lapho bethenga, kanti ukupakisha okuphinde kusetshenziswe kugqamisa izinto eziza kuqala kubo. Imakethe yokupakisha okuzinzile ibonisa lolu shintsho, okulindelwe ukuthi lukhuphuke lufike ku-$737.6 billion ngo-2030. Ukukhetha izixazululo ezifanaiphepha lokugoqa lezinto zokusetshenziswafuthiumqulu womzali wephepha elingahluziwekusekela lesi sidingo esikhulayo, kunciphisa umthelela emvelweni kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okunesibopho.

Ukuqonda Ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls

Incazelo kanye nokwakheka

A Umqulu Omkhulu Womamaumqulu omkhulu wezinto zephepha ezingavuthiwe osebenza njengendawo yokuqala yemikhiqizo eyahlukene yokupakisha. Lawa ma-roll enziwe ngenhlanganisela ye-virgin pulp, imicu ephinde yasetshenziswa, kanye nezinye izinto ezifana ne-bamboo noma i-sugar bag. Le nhlanganisela iqinisekisa ukuqina ngenkathi igcina amazinga anobungani nemvelo.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-Mother Jumbo Rolls igcizelela ukusimama. Isibonelo, ukulungiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuvame ukufaka ingxube yezinkuni ezithambile ezingama-70% kanye ne-30% ye-hardwood virgin pulp, okungenani okuqukethwe okusetshenziswe kabusha okungama-60% ngemuva kokuthengwa. Abanye abakhiqizi bafaka nezintambo ezintsha ezifana notshani lukakolweni kanye ne-flax hemp, okuthuthukisa amandla futhi kunciphise ukuthembela emithonjeni yezinkuni zendabuko.

Inqubo/Ukusungula Izinto Ezintsha Imininingwane
Ukulungiselela Izinto Ezingavuthiwe I-virgin pulp (ukhuni oluthambile olungama-70%/ukhuni oluqinile olungama-30%), Iphinde Yasetshenziswa (okuqukethwe okungenani okungu-60% ngemva kokuthengwa), Imicu ehlukile (uqalo, i-baking kamoba)
Amanzi Ajikelezayo Avaliwe Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kwehliswe kwaba yi-10-15 m³/ton, ukubuyiswa kwamanzi ngenqubo engu-95%
Ukubuyiselwa Kwamandla Ama-heat exchanger abuyisa amandla okushisa angu-40-50%, i-biogas ekhiqizwa ngokuhlanganyela kusuka odakeni
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwefayibha Ehlukile Utshani bukakolweni (ukungena emakethe okungu-15%), i-flax hemp blends (ukwanda kwamandla angu-20%)

Le ndlela ecophelelayo yokwakheka nokukhiqiza iqinisekisa ukuthi ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls ahlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kanye nokusimama.

Izicelo Ekupakisheni

Ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls asebenza ngezindlela eziningi futhi asetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokupakisha. Aguqulwa abe ama-roll amancane noma amashidi ukuze kudalwe imikhiqizo efana nephepha lezicubu, ama-napkin, amathawula ezandla, kanye nama-kitchen rolls. Ezindaweni zezimboni, asetshenziselwa ukugoqa, ukubopha, kanye nokupakisha okuvikelayo.

Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kwazo kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwamabhizinisi ahlose ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabathengi ezahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo yamaphepha yasekhaya etholakala kulezi zingqwembe ibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, kuyilapho ukusetshenziswa kwamaphepha ezimboni kuhambisana nezidingo ezikhethekile njengokugoqa okunzima noma ukupakishwa okumelana nomswakama.

Ngokusebenza njengesisekelo semikhiqizo eminingi kangaka, ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls adlala indima ebalulekile embonini yokupakisha.

Izimfanelo Ezinobungani Nemvelo

Ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls ahlukile ngezici zawo ezinobungani nemvelo, okwenza abe yitshe lesisekelo lokupakisha okusimeme. Avame ukwenziwa nge-I-pulp yokhuni engu-100% emsulwa, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi ephezulu ngenkathi kulandelwa izindinganiso zemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azinazo izinto ezikhanyisa ukukhanya, okwenza ziphephe empilweni futhi zifanele ukusetshenziswa kwekhwalithi yokudla.

Ezinye izici eziphawulekayo zifaka phakathi ukuphindeka kwazo kanye nokubola kwazo. Lezi zingxenyana zingaphinde zisetshenziswe izikhathi eziningi, kuncishiswe imfucuza futhi kulondolozwe izinsiza. Inqubo yokukhiqiza inciphisa nomthelela emvelweni ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha ezifana nezinhlelo zamanzi ezivaliwe, ezibuyisa u-95% wamanzi enqubo, kanye nezinhlelo zokubuyisa amandla ezibuyisa u-50% wamandla okushisa.

  • Izici ezibalulekile ezivikela imvelo zeMother Jumbo Rolls:
    • Kwenziwe ngezinto ezivuselelekayo neziphinde zasetshenziswa.
    • Ayinamakhemikhali ayingozi.
    • Ukuncipha kwe-carbon footprint ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.

Lezi zimfanelo azigcini nje ngokuzuzisa imvelo kodwa futhi zihambisana nezintandokazi zabathengi zezixazululo zokupakisha ezisimeme neziphephile.

Indima Yokuthola Izinto Ezisimeme Ekupakisheni

Izinzuzo Zemvelo Zemikhuba Eqhubekayo

Ukuthola izinto ezihlala isikhathi eside ekupakisheni kunikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo. Ngokubeka phambili izinto ezibalulekileizinto ezisetshenzisiwekanye nezinsiza ezivuselelekayo, izinkampani zinganciphisa imfucuza futhi zilondoloze imvelo yemvelo. Isibonelo, ukusebenzisa okuqukethwe okusetshenziswe kabusha okungu-30% noma ngaphezulu ngemuva komthengi kusiza amabhizinisi ukugwema intela yepulasitiki engu-£210 ngethani, okukhuthaza ukwamukelwa kwezinto ezinobungani nemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinkampani zihlose ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa ukushisa emaphaketheni angaphezu kuka-40% ngo-2030, okubonisa amathuba okuba nomthelela omkhulu emvelweni.

Imfucuza yokupakishwa isalokhu iyinkinga enkulu, njengoba izitsha kanye nokupakishwa kubalwa ku-28.1% wemfucuza iyonke ngo-2018.Imikhuba eqhubekayo, njengokusebenzisa izinto ezisekelwe kubhamu noma ukunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha emvelo, kubhekana ngqo nale nkinga. Le mizamo ayigcini nje ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kodwa futhi igcina izinsiza ezingavuseleleki, okwenza ukupakisha kube ngokonga amandla kakhudlwana futhi kube nobungane nemvelo.

Ukubaluleka Kwamahlathi Nokusetshenziswa Kabusha Okunesibopho

Ukuhlanzwa kwamahlathi nokusetshenziswa kabusha okunesibopho kuyizisekelo zokupakisha okusimeme. Ukupakisha okusekelwe ephepheni, okutholakala emahlathini aphethwe kahle, kunikeza enye indlela evuselelekayo nengasetshenziswa kabusha esikhundleni sepulasitiki. Amanani aphezulu okusebenzisa kabusha athuthukisa kakhulu ukusimama kwalo. Isibonelo, iphepha eliphinde lasetshenziswa ngo-100% linciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa ukushisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi uma kuqhathaniswa nephepha elingelona elangempela.

Izinkampani ziya ngokuya ziphendukela ekupakisheni okusekelwe ku-fiber okuvela emahlathini aphethwe ngendlela eqhubekayo. Lolu shintsho luhambisana nezintandokazi zabathengi zemikhiqizo enobungani nemvelo ngenkathi kusekelwa ingqalasizinda eqinile yokuvuselela kabusha. Ngokukhetha izinto ezifana nephepha elisetshenziswe kabusha noma uqalo, amabhizinisi angahlangabezana nemigomo yokusimama ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ikhwalithi.

Umnikelo Emnothweni Ojikelezayo

Ukuthola izinto ngendlela eqhubekayo kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni umnotho ojikelezayo. Imikhuba efana nokuvuselela nokusebenzisa kabusha izinto inciphisa imfucuza futhi ikhulise ukusebenza kahle kwezinsiza. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ekupakisheni, njengasemiklamweni emisha engasetshenziswa kabusha, kunganciphisa kakhulu izingozi zekhabhoni.

Umnotho ojikelezayo uphinde ukhuthaze izinzuzo zomnotho. Ngokusebenzisa kabusha izinto zokwakha, izinkampani zinciphisa ukuncika ezintweni ezingakasetshenziswa, zinciphise izindleko kanye nomthelela emvelweni. Isibonelo, ukuhlaziywa kokupakisha kusukela ekuqaleni kuya engcwabeni kwembula ukuthi ukuphinda usebenzise amathreyi epulasitiki noma ukusebenzisa iphepha eliphinde lasetshenziswa kuthuthukisa ukuzinza ngenkathi kunciphisa imfucuza yokulahla udoti. Le mikhuba iqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza zihlala zisetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka, okudala uhlelo oluvaliwe oluzuzisa amabhizinisi kanye nomhlaba.

Izici Ezinobungani Nemvelo zeMother Jumbo Rolls

Ukuphindeka Kabusha kanye Nokubola Kwezinto Eziphilayo

Ukuphindeka kabusha kanye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo kuyizimpawu ezimbili ezivelele ze-Umqulu Omkhulu Womama. Lawa ma-roll aklanyelwe ukunciphisa imfucuza nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kabusha. Uma eseguqulwe aba imikhiqizo eqediwe, angaphinde asetshenziswe izikhathi eziningi, okunciphisa isidingo sezinto ezibonakalayo. Le nqubo ayigcini nje ngokulondoloza izinsiza kodwa futhi isiza amabhizinisi ukufeza imigomo yokusimama.

Ukubola kwezitshalo kunezela olunye ungqimba lobungani bemvelo. Uma zilahlwa kahle, lezi zingcezu ziyaphuka ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kokushiya izinsalela eziyingozi. Lokhu kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okuhle kakhulu ezinkampanini ezihlose ukunciphisa ukuthinteka kwazo kwemvelo. Isibonelo, imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngezinto ezibolayo ibola ngokushesha ezindaweni zokulahla udoti, okubangela ukuba imvelo ihlanzeke.

Icebiso:Amabhizinisi angathuthukisa iziqinisekiso zawo eziluhlaza ngokukhuthaza ukuphindeka kabusha kanye nokubola kwezinto zawo zokupakisha.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinto Ezivuselelekayo Neziphinde Zasetshenziswa

Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo neziphinde zasetshenziswa kuyisici esibalulekile esihlukanisa i-Mother Jumbo Roll. Abakhiqizi bavame ukufaka imicu evela emithonjeni evuselelekayo njengoqalo, umoba, noma amahlathi aphethwe ngendlela eqhubekayo. Lezi zinto ziphinde zakhiwe kabusha ngokushesha, ziqinisekisa ukutholakala okuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuqeda imithombo yemvelo.

Okuqukethwe okuphinde kwasetshenziswa nakho kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ama-Mother Jumbo Roll amaningi afaka phakathiimicu ephinde yasetshenziswa ngemva komthengi, okunciphisa imfucuza futhi kwehlise isidingo se-virgin pulp. Le ndlela ayisekeli nje kuphela umnotho ojikelezayo kodwa futhi ihambisana nezintandokazi zabathengi zemikhiqizo eqhubekayo.

  • Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zezinto Ezivuselelekayo Neziphinde Zisetshenziswe:
    • Kunciphisa ukuncika ezinsizeni ezingavuseleleki.
    • Isekela ukunciphisa imfucuza kanye nokongiwa kwezinsiza.
    • Ihlangabezana nesidingo esikhulayo sokupakisha okuhambisana nemvelo.

Ukuncipha Kwe-Carbon Footprint Ekukhiqizweni

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Mother Jumbo Roll kugxile ekunciphiseni ukunyathela kwayo kwekhabhoni. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa izinqubo ezisebenzisa amandla kahle kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha ukuze bafeze lo mgomo. Isibonelo, izinhlelo zamanzi ezivaliwe zithola amanzi afinyelela ku-95%, okunciphisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi.

Izinhlelo zokubuyisa amandla zithuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza. Ngokubuyisela amandla okushisa ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, lezi zinhlelo zinciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa. Ezinye izikhungo zisebenzisa ngisho nemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla elanga noma omoya ukuze zinciphise umthelela wazo wekhabhoni.

Uthi bewazi?Ukushintshela ezintweni zokupakisha ezinobungani nemvelo kungasiza amabhizinisi ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwawo kwekhabhoni ngamaphesenti afinyelela ku-40%.

Ngokubeka phambili izindlela zokukhiqiza ezinomthelela ophansi, iMother Jumbo Rolls inegalelo ekusaseni eliluhlaza. Inikeza amabhizinisi indlela ewusizo yokuhambisana nemigomo yokuzinza komhlaba wonke ngenkathi ihlangabezana nokulindelwe ngabathengi.

Izinzuzo zama-Mother Jumbo Rolls okupakisha okuluhlaza

Izinzuzo zama-Mother Jumbo Rolls okupakisha okuluhlaza

Ukuhlangabezana Nesidingo Sabathengi Sokuzinza

Abathengi banamuhla baya ngokuya beqaphela imvelo, futhi amabhizinisi kumele azivumelanise nezimo ukuze ahlangabezane nokulindelwe kwawo. Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luveze ukuthi ama-92% abathengi abheka ukusimama kubalulekile lapho bekhetha uhlobo lomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho:

  • Abathengi base-US abangama-73% babheka imikhiqizo efakwa umquba njengehlala isikhathi eside.
  • Ama-71% abona ukupakishwa okusekelwe ezitshalweni njengokukhetha okuphezulu okuhambisana nemvelo.
Ukuthola Okubalulekile Amaphesenti
Abathengi baqaphela kakhulu umthelela wemvelo wokupakisha 74%
Ukuzimisela ukukhokha imali ethe xaxa ngokupakisha okusimeme 82%
Cabanga ngokusetshenziswa kabusha njengento ebalulekile 66%

Imikhiqizo ye-Mother Jumbo Rollzihambisana kahle nalezi zintandokazi. Ukusebenziseka kwazo kabusha, ukubola kwazo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okuhle kwamabhizinisi ahlose ukuheha amakhasimende aqaphela imvelo. Ngokwamukela le migqa, izinkampani zingabonisa ukuzibophezela kwazo ekusimeni ngenkathi zihlangabezana nesidingo sabathengi esikhulayo.

Ukusebenza Kahle Kwezindleko Nokusebenza Kahle

Ukushintshela ku-Mother Jumbo Rolls akugcini nje ngokuzuzisa imvelo—kubuye kube nomqondo wezezimali. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha ekukhiqizeni izicubu, njengobuchwepheshe be-Advantage™ DCT®, kuye kwathuthukisa isivinini sokukhiqiza kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza. Lokhu kuvumela amabhizinisi ukuthi akhiqize izinto zokupakisha ezisezingeni eliphezulu ngentengo ephansi.

Ubuchwepheshe obusebenzisa amandla ngendlela eyongayo, njengomshini wokucindezela i-Advantage ViscoNip®, buthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngenkathi zithuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, okuholela ekongeni izindleko okukhulu. Izinkampani ezisebenzisa lezi zindlela ezithuthukisiwe zingafinyelela imiphumela engcono ngezinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa, okwenza i-Mother Jumbo Rolls ibeikhambi elingabizi kakhuluukuze kufakwe okuluhlaza.

Ukuthuthukisa Idumela Lomkhiqizo Nokuthobela Imithetho

Ukusimama akuyona nje into eyenzeka njalo—kuyisidingo sebhizinisi. Izinkampani ezibeka phambili imikhuba enobungani nemvelo zivame ukujabulela idumela elihle lomkhiqizo kanye nokwethembeka kwamakhasimende. Abathengi bafuna ngenkuthalo imikhiqizo evumelana nezindinganiso zabo, futhi ukupakisha okusimeme kudlala indima enkulu ekwakheni imibono.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa i-Mother Jumbo Rolls kusiza amabhizinisi ukuthi ahambisane nemithethonqubo yezemvelo. Isibonelo, ukufaka izinto ezisetshenzisiwe kungasiza ekugwemeni izinhlawulo ezifana nentela yepulasitiki engu-£210 ngethani. Ngokwamukela izixazululo ezisimeme, izinkampani azigcini nje ngokuvikela iplanethi kodwa futhi zizibeka njengabaholi bemboni ekuthwaleni umthwalo wemfanelo wezemvelo.

Indlela Yokuthola Ama-Jumbo Rolls Ama-Mother Angangcolisi Imvelo

Ukuhlonza Abaphakeli Abathembekile

Ukuthola umhlinzeki ofanele weAma-Mother Jumbo Rolls anobungani nemveloKungazwakala kungaphezu kwamandla, kodwa izinsiza ezimbalwa zenza kube lula. Amapulatifomu afana ne-PaperIndex axhumanisa amabhizinisi nabakhiqizi abangochwepheshe bemikhiqizo yephepha eqhubekayo. Isibonelo, i-Auswei Paper inikeza imiqulu eqinisekisiwe ye-FSC eyenziwe nge-100% virgin wood pulp, eqinisekisa ukuthi kutholakala ngokwethembeka emahlathini aphethwe kahle.

Umthombo Incazelo
I-PaperIndex Imakethe ifaka abahlinzeki beMother Jumbo Roll abanobungani nemvelo emhlabeni jikelele.
Iphepha lase-Auswei Umkhiqizi we-Jumbo Parent Rolls eqinisekiswe yi-FSC, efanelekile ekupakisheni okuluhlaza.

Uma kuhlolwa abahlinzeki, amabhizinisi kufanele abeke phambili labo abanomlando oqinisekisiwe wokuzinza. Funa izinkampani ezigcizelela izinto ezivuselelekayo nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezisebenzisa amandla ngendlela eyongayo. Ukuzibophezela komhlinzeki emikhubeni enobungani nemvelo kuvame ukubonakala ezitifiketini zakhe kanye nokubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende.

Ukuqinisekisa Izitifiketi Namazinga

Izitifiketi ziyindlela ethembekile yokuqinisekisa ukuzibophezela komhlinzeki ekuzinzeni. Funa amazinga aqashelwa emhlabeni wonke njenge-FSC, ISO 14001, kanye ne-ECOLOGO®. Lezi zitifiketi ziqinisekisa ukuthi izinto zihlangabezana neziqondiso eziqinile zemvelo nezokuziphatha.

Isitifiketi Indawo Yokugxila
I-FSC Ukutshalwa kwezihlahla okunesibopho kanye nokuthola imithombo eqhubekayo.
I-ISO 14001 Izinhlelo zokuphatha imvelo.
I-ECOLOGO® Okuqukethwe okusetshenziswe kabusha, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamandla, kanye namakhemikhali aphephile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abahlinzeki bahlolwa ngokujulile njenge-Valmet's Sustainability Risk Assessment noma i-Coca-Cola HBC's ESG Pre-assessment. Lezi zindlela zihlola ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zemvelo, ezenhlalo, kanye nokubusa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi abahlinzeki bahambisana nemigomo yokuzinza komhlaba wonke.

Amathiphu Okuqinisekisa Izimangalo Zokuzinza

Izimangalo zokusimama ngezinye izikhathi zingadukisa. Ukuqinisekisa ubuqiniso, amabhizinisi kufanele asebenzise izindlela zokuhlola ezihlelekile. Qala ngokucela izitifiketi ezivela eceleni bese wenza ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wokuphila (i-LCA) kwemikhiqizo. Iziqondiso zokuthengwa kwangaphakathi zingasiza futhi ekwenzeni inqubo yokuhlola ibe yijwayelekile.

Icebiso:Qeqesha abaphathi bokuthenga ukuthi bahlole ngokujulile izimangalo eziluhlaza. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zisekelwe olwazini futhi zihambisana nemigomo yokuzinza.

Uhlaka lokuzibophezela kwabaphakeli luyithuluzi elisebenzayo. Kudingeka abaphakeli banikeze amadokhumenti aqinisekisiwe, njengemibiko yokuhlolwa noma izitifiketi. Izinhlangano ezilawulayo ezifana ne-Fairtrade International kanye ne-Rain Forest Alliance nazo zinikeza izilinganiso ezibalulekile zokuhlola izimangalo zokusimama.

Ishadi lebha elibonisa ukuziphatha kwabathengi maqondana nokusimama ezinqumweni zokupakisha

Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, amabhizinisi angathola ngokuqiniseka ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls anobungani nemvelo ngenkathi enikela ekusaseni eliluhlaza.


Ama-Mother Jumbo Rolls anobungani nemvelo aguqula ukutholakala okusimeme kokupakisha. Anciphisa umthelela emvelweni, athuthukisa isithombe somkhiqizo, futhi ahlangabezana nesidingo sabathengi sezixazululo eziluhlaza. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukwamukela ukupakisha okuluhlaza kuthuthukisa ukusimama kuzo zonke izintambo zokuhlinzeka, okuqhuba izinzuzo zezomnotho nezenhlalo. Amabhizinisi angahola lolu shintsho ngokukhethaizinto ezihlala isikhathi esidekanye nokuzibophezela emikhubeni yokuqaphela imvelo.


Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-27-2025