Ukuzulazula Ekutholakaleni Kwephepha Okusimeme: Umhlahlandlela we-EUDR kanye ne-FSC

Embonini yamaphepha yomhlaba wonke yanamuhla, ukusimama akuseyona into ethandwayo kodwa kuyisidingo esiyinhloko. Kumabhizinisi athembele ephepheni—kungakhathaliseki ukuthi apakisha, anyathelisa, ashicilele, noma emikhiqizweni yokuhlanzeka—ukuqonda isimo semithetho kanye nesitifiketi kubalulekile. Amagama amabili abalulekile manje abusa izingxoxo yilawa:I-EUDR kanyeI-FSC isitifiketi. Nakuba zihlobene, zifeza izinjongo ezihlukile kodwa ezihambisanayo ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi kutholakala izimpahla ngendlela enomthwalo wemfanelo.

Iyini isitifiketi se-FSC?

IUMkhandlu Wokuphathwa Kwamahlathi (i-FSC) iyinhlangano engenzi nzuzo eyaziwayo emhlabeni wonke ebeka indinganiso yegolide yokuphathwa kwamahlathi okunesibopho. Isitifiketi se-FSC siyisitifiketi sokuzithandela esiqhutshwa yimakethe.

• Kusho ukuthini: Isitifiketi se-FSC siqinisekisa ukuthi ukhuni olusetshenziswa ukwenza umkhiqizo wephepha luvela emahlathini aphathwa ngendlela efanele imvelo, ezuzisa umphakathi, futhi enenzuzo kwezomnotho. Isitifiketi se-“Chain of Custody” (CoC) silandelela izinto eziqinisekiswe yi-FSC kusukela ehlathini kuya ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka kuya kumsebenzisi wokugcina, siqinisekisa ubuqotho bazo.
• Ilebula Olaziyo:Ukubona emikhiqizweni njengeI-FSC 100% (kusukela ngokuphelele emahlathini aqinisekiswe yi-FSC),Ingxube ye-FSC (ingxube yokhuni oluqinisekisiwe, olusetshenziswe kabusha, nolulawulwayo), kanyeI-FSC Iphinde Yasetshenziswa (eyenziwe ngezinto ezibuyiselwe).

Kungani sidinga i-FSC?Isidingo semboni yephepha se-pulp sikhulu kakhulu. Ngaphandle kwemikhuba eqotho, kungaholela ekugawulweni kwamahlathi, ekulahlekelweni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kanye nokwephulwa kwamalungelo emiphakathi yabantu bomdabu kanye nabasebenzi bamahlathi. I-FSC inikeza uhlaka abathengi namabhizinisi abangaluthemba. Kumkhiqizi wephepha, ukuba nesitifiketi se-FSC kuyindlela enamandla yokuhlukanisa imakethe. Kubonisa ukuzibophezela ekusimeni, kuhlangabezana nezinqubomgomo zokuthengwa kwemikhiqizo eqaphela imvelo (njengaleyo esemkhakheni wokushicilela nokuthengisa), futhi kunikeza ukufinyelela ezimakethe lapho isitifiketi esinjalo siyimfuneko.

Iyini i-EUDR?

IUmthetho Wokugawulwa Kwamahlathi we-European Union (i-EUDR)kuyinto entsha kakhuluumthetho ophoqelelweokwenziwa yi-European Union. Akuyona uhlelo lokuqinisekisa kodwa kuyimfuneko esemthethweni yokuthengisa izimpahla ezithile, okuhlanganisa ukhuni nephepha, emakethe ye-EU.

• Kusho ukuthini: I-EUDR ikwenza kube ngokungemthetho ukubeka imikhiqizo emakethe ye-EU uma ibangele ukugawulwa kwamahlathi noma ukuwohloka kwamahlathi ngemuva kukaDisemba 31, 2020. Abasebenzi (abangenisa impahla kwamanye amazwe) kumele benze ucwaningo oluqinile.
• Isidingo Esiyinhloko:Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza okuqondileidatha yendawo(i-latitude kanye ne-longitude) yezindawo lapho izinkuni zavunwa khona, okubonisa ukuthi umkhiqizo "awunawo amahlathi," nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukhiqizwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho efanele yezwe elikhiqizayo.

Kungani sidinga i-EUDR?Nakuba izinhlelo zokuzithandela ezifana ne-FSC ziqhube intuthuko amashumi eminyaka, i-EUDR imele ukukhuphuka komthetho. Umgomo wayo ukunciphisa umnikelo we-EU ekugawulweni kwamahlathi emhlabeni wonke kanye nokukhishwa kwamagesi okushisa. Kudala isibopho esiphoqelelwa ngokomthetho. Kubakhiqizi bephepha kanye nabathumeli bamazwe angaphandle, ukuthobela imithetho akuyona into ongayikhetha; kuyisihluthulelo sokufinyelela emakethe enkulu ye-EU. Ukwehluleka ukuthobela imithetho kungabangela izinhlawulo ezinkulu kanye nokukhishwa kuleli qembu.

Ukusebenzisana: Kungani Kokubili Kubalulekile Ekutholeni Amaphepha Kwanamuhla

Nakuba zihlukile, i-FSC kanye ne-EUDR zisebenza ngokubambisana okukhulu.

1. I-FSC njengethuluzi lokuthobela imithetho ye-EUDR: Kumkhiqizi wephepha, uhlelo oluqinile lwe-FSC Chain of Custody, oluvele ludinga ukulandelela izinkuni zibuyele emahlathini aqinisekisiwe, lunikeza isisekelo esiqinile sokuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-EUDR zokuqikelela kanye nokulandelela. Ukuhlolwa okuqinile kanye nokumapha okuyingxenye yokuphathwa kwe-FSC kungenza inqubo yokufakazela ukuthi izinkuni aziveli endaweni egawuliwe amahlathi ilula kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isitifiketi se-FSC sodwa asiyona "indlela eluhlaza" ezenzakalelayo yokuthobela i-EUDR; izidingo zomthetho ezithile zomthetho kumele zisahlangatshezwane nazo.
2. Iqiniso Lemakethe Yomhlaba Wonke: I-EUDR umthetho wesifunda onamazinyo omhlaba wonke. Uma ungumkhiqizi wephepha eNyakatho Melika, eNingizimu Melika, noma e-Asia futhi ufisa ukuthumela kwamanye amazwe angama-27 angamalungu e-EU, kufanele uhambisane ne-EUDR. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-FSC isalokhu iwulimi olwamukelekayo emhlabeni wonke lokuzinza olufunwa yimikhiqizo emikhulu nabathengi emhlabeni jikelele,kufaka phakathilabo abase-EU. Ngakho-ke, ukuba nakho kokubili kuyisu eliphelele.

Ukusetshenziswa Okuwusizo Embonini YephephaCabanga ngomshini wokukhiqiza amaphepha okukhiqiza amaphakheji omkhiqizo wezimonyo waseYurophu.

• Iuphawu idinga iphepha eliqinisekiswe yi-FSC ukuze lihlangabezane nemigomo yalo yokuzinza kwenkampani futhi likhange amakhasimende alo.
• II-EUDRkwenza kube ngokungemthetho ukuthi lo mkhiqizo ungenise lokhu kupakisha eYurophu uma uketshezi luvela endaweni egawulwe amahlathi ngemva kuka-2020.
• Iumenzi wephephaNgakho-ke, kumele bathole uketshezi oluvela emithonjeni evunyelwe ngokomthetho nengenawo amahlathi (ngokuhambisana ne-EUDR) futhi baphathe umkhiqizo ngaphansi kohlelo oluqinisekisiwe njenge-FSC ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo esithile somkhiqizo.

IsiphethoNgamafuphi, iIsitifiketi se-FSCkuyindinganiso yokuzithandela, ehamba phambili emakethe yeukuphathwa kwamahlathi okunesibopho, ngenkathiI-EUDR kungumthethonqubo we-EU ophoqelekile omeleneukugawulwa kwamahlathi. Imboni yephepha yanamuhla ayikwazi ukusebenza kahle ngaphandle kokubhekana nakho kokubili. Njengomkhiqizi wephepha ochwepheshe, asibheki lokhu njengezithiyo, kodwa njengezinhlaka ezibalulekile zokwakha uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka olucacile, olunezimiso zokuziphatha, noluqhubekayo. Zibalulekile ekuvikeleni amahlathi omhlaba, ekugcineni ukufinyelela emakethe, kanye nokuhlangabezana nokulindelwe okuguqukayo kwabalingani bethu bomhlaba wonke. Ikusasa lephepha alikho nje ngekhwalithi nezindleko; limayelana nomthwalo wemfanelo oqinisekisiwe.