Iphepha lokwakha lidalwa ngenqubo yokuhlanganisa izinto, okuqinisekisa ukuthi iphepha lokwakha lifaneleka kahle ukusetshenziswa kwalo okuhlosiwe. Ngenxa yezindinganiso ezandisiwe zokwephula ukuqina, ukudabuka, kanye namandla okudonsa, kanye nesidingo sokuqina okuncishisiwe kanye nokugoba okuphezulu kakhulu, iphepha lokwakha elisezingeni eliphezulu linezidingo eziphezulu zombala, ukuthungwa, ukuhambisana, kanye nenani lobuhle.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yombala kanye nobuhle, i-pulp kumele i-bleached ukuze kutholakale ukukhanya okuphakathi kuka-24% no-34% ngenkathi kugcinwa amanani aphuzi nabomvu e-pulp engaguquki, okungukuthi kugcinwa ukuqina kwe-pulp emhlophe.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza iphepha lobuciko
Inqubo yokukhiqiza iphepha lokwakha ihlanganisa izigaba ezilandelayo.
1. Ukwakheka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwenqubo yokwenza iphepha lufana, luhluka kuphela ngekhwalithi, ukujiya, kanye nokwengezwa kwezici ezengeziwe. Iphepha lokwenziwa lenziwe nge-pulp yokhuni olude lwe-fiber, futhi linesilinganiso sempahla ephezulu. Le nqubo iveza ingxube ye-softwood kanye ne-hardwood pulp ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zekhwalithi yobuchwepheshe zephepha le-kraft le-premium. I-pulp yokhuni olu-Broadleaf ihlanganisa cishe u-30% womkhiqizo ophelele. Lesi silinganiso sezinto zokusetshenziswa asinawo umthelela emandleni angokomzimba ephepha, kodwa sinomthelela omkhulu ekukhanyeni nakwezinye izindlela.
2. Ukupheka nokuhlanza
I-Kraft pulp kumele ibe nezinqwaba ze-fiber eziqinile ezimbalwa kanye nombala ohambisanayo, kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zezinqubo zokupheka ne-bleaching ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Kuyamukelwa kabanzi ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kokupheka kanye ne-bleaching kuyahlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwamasampula ezinkuni. Uma umugqa we-pulp ungahlukanisa i-softwood kanye ne-hardwood pulping, ukupheka kwe-softwood kanye ne-hardwood nut kungakhethwa. Lesi sigaba sisebenzisa ukupheka okuhlanganisiwe kwe-coniferous kanye ne-hardwood nut, kanye ne-bleaching ehlanganisiwe ngemva kokupheka. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza, amaphutha ekhwalithi afana nezinqwaba ze-fiber ezingaguquki, izinqwaba ze-fiber eziqinile, nombala we-pulp ongazinzile kuvamile.
3. Ukucindezela
Ukuthuthukisa inqubo yokugaya kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwandisa ukuqina kwephepha le-kraft. Ngokuvamile, ukwandisa ukucindezelwa kwe-pulp ngenkathi kugcinwa ukugoba kwayo okuhle nokuqina okuphansi kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwephepha, ubuningi, kanye nokufana.
Iphepha le-Kraft linamandla amakhulu kanye namaphutha angabalwa ekuphambukeni okuqondile kanye nokwezinhlangothi. Ngenxa yalokho, kusetshenziswa izilinganiso ezifanele zobubanzi be-pulp nephepha, ama-screen shakers, kanye nama-web formers ukuthuthukisa amamaki. Indlela yokucindezela esetshenziswa ukwenza iphepha ithinta ukungena komoya, ukuqina, kanye nokushelela kwalo. Ukucindezela kunciphisa ukugoba kweshidi, kwehlisa ukungena kwalo kanye ne-vacuum ngenkathi kwandisa ukuvaleka; kungandisa futhi amandla angokomzimba ephepha.
Lezi yizindlela ngokuvamile ezenziwa ngazo iphepha le-kraft.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-30-2022